Federal Reports

The Office of Inspector General is issuing this report to present the results of our evaluation of the U.S. Small Business Administration’s (SBA) processes to forecast and request appropriation dollars for its disaster loans program account.

We found that SBA did not 1) adequately forecast funding needs for the disaster loan program in the annual budget request; 2) ensure that monthly reports submitted to Congress were clearly interpreted, always submitted timely, and in compliance with all the requirements of 15 U.S.C. § 636k(a); or 3) notify Congress, in writing, regarding the need for supplemental funding as soon as a shortfall was anticipated.

We recommended SBA ensure 1) historical factors are considered when developing the budget request, 2) monthly reports comply with 15 U.S.C. § 636k(a), 3) monthly reports are enhanced to clearly explain the information, and 4) Congress is notified, in writing, of the need for supplemental disaster loan program funds as soon as the agency anticipates a shortfall.

SBA management agreed with all four recommendations. Management’s planned action for Recommendations 1 through 4 satisfy the intent of the recommendations and are resolved.

This report presents the results of our audit of Network Changes: Regional Transfer Hubs.

The U.S. Postal Service implemented the Regional Transfer Hubs (RTH) initiative nationwide as part of its efforts to streamline and modernize its network. The initiative reduces origin separations and moves mail across the country to RTH operations where it is then sorted for destinating facilities. The Postal Service expects this initiative to reduce the overall number of trips needed and transportation costs. As of March 2025, the Postal Service had 18 active RTHs located throughout the country with plans to activate more.

Our objective was to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the Postal Service's RTH initiative. We reviewed and analyzed transportation and service performance data from October 2023 through March 2025. Additionally, we conducted site observations and interviewed Postal Service personnel at five RTH facilities during April and May 2025.

TVA began hedging natural gas prices in April 2022 under the reinstated Financial Hedging Program (FHP). The program’s stated objectives are to reduce fuel rate volatility and balance operational and financial risks. From its reinstatement in April 2022 through February 2025, TVA’s FHP experienced losses of approximately $645 million.  We performed an audit of the FHP due to the financial risks associated with hedging. Our audit objective was to determine if TVA’s FHP is achieving its objectives of reducing fuel rate volatility and balancing operational and financial risks.

We determined the FHP achieved its objective of reducing fuel rate volatility between April 2022 and February 2025.  Over the 35-month period, fuel rate volatility was reduced by an average of about 3.5 percent.  However, we were unable to determine if TVA met its objective of balancing financial and operational risks because the objective is unclear and TVA has not defined parameters to define successful achievement of the objective. 

Although the fuel rate volatility was reduced over the entire time frame, the FHP resulted in (1) approximately $645 million in losses that were passed on to TVA’s customers and (2) a 2 percent increase in fuel rate volatility in fiscal year 2024.  We also found TVA had not performed the required back testing to measure volatility reduction and the effectiveness of the FHP.  At our request, TVA performed the back testing that showed the program had reduced fuel rate volatility. 

Additionally, we identified an opportunity for TVA to improve the information provided to the TVA Board, Tennessee Valley Public Power Association, and Tennessee Valley Industrial Committee related to FHP fuel rate volatility and FHP gains/losses.